ORIGINAL: The Effect of Music on Operative Anxiety markers in patients undergoing Cataract Surgery: Adual centre cross-sectional comparative study
West Afr J Med. November 2023; 40 (11): 1240-1252 PMID: 38099509
Keywords:
Anxiety, Binaural music, Fear, Non-pharmacological anxiolytic, Small incision cataract surgery, StressAbstract
Objective: To determine the effect of intraoperative music on various markers of anxiety among adult patients undergoing small incision cataract surgery.
Methods: This was a hospital-based, age-sex matched, comparative cross-sectional study of consenting 144 adult participants aged 46 years and above with operable, age-related cataracts undergoing small incision cataract surgery under local anaesthesia in two ophthalmic centres. All participants were allotted into two equal groups consisting of 72 participants in the experimental group (exposed to music of their choice) and 72 participants in the control group (no music exposure). Blood pressure, pulse rate and salivary cortisol assay levels were measured. Data obtained were analyzed using statistical package for social sciences (IBM SPSS version 23.0).
Results: One hundred and forty-four participants with total male-to-female ratio of 1:2.1 were studied. Gender ratio was 1:2.3 and 1:2.0 and the median age (Q1-Q3) of 65.00 (55.5-71.5) years and 65.50 (56.5-72.0) years for music and non-music groups respectively. Participants in the music group showed a statistically significant reduction in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate (p < 0.05) except at baseline. The mean value salivary cortisol level showed a statistically significant decrease in both groups from baseline for music (23.91ng/ml) and nonmusic (19.12ng/ml) group (p<0.001) respectively. Similarly, participants in the music group showed a statistically significant reduction of Spielberger State anxiety score after music intervention compared to control (p<0.001).
Conclusions: This study demonstrated the effectiveness of music in decreasing anxiety indicators during cataract surgery with markers like salivary cortisol assay, pulse rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure.
