Kidney Function in Hypertensive Patients with Left Ventricular Hypertrophy

I. N. Mba, B. Basil, B. Myke-Mbata, O. A. Olayanju, A. Faleye, S. A. Adebisi

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Impairment of kidney function is one of the
long-term sequelae of hypertension and it contributes to increased
morbidity and mortality in hypertensive patients. Left ventricular
hypertrophy (LVH) is a common complication of hypertension
which can worsen the outcome in affected patients. This study was
designed to compare kidney function in hypertensive patients with
LVH with that in hypertensive patients without LVH.

METHODS: The study was conducted among hypertensive patients
attending cardiology clinics at two tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. A
questionnaire was used to obtain demographic and clinical
information from the participants. Kidney function was determined
by measuring serum urea and creatinine, urinary creatinine and
microalbumin. Echocardiography was performed to detect LVH.
Results of kidney function tests were compared between participants
who had LVH and those who did not.

RESULTS: Of the 105 participants recruited, 58 (55.2%) were
males. The median age of all participants was 52 (interquartile range
(IQR) 40-61) years and LVH was confirmed in 48 (45.7%) of them.
Participants with LVH were older (55 vs 49 years; p=0.02) but had
lower weight (74 vs 78 kg; p=0.04). Participants without LVH had
higher microalbuminuria (5.2 vs 4.05 mg/dl; p=0.03), lower
2 estimated glomerular filtration rate (62 vs 92 ml/min/1.73 m ;
p=0.004), and higher stages of CKD.

CONCLUSION: Hypertensive patients with LVH had lower levels
of microalbuminuria, higher estimated GFR, and lower stages of
CKD compared to those with no LVH. WAJM 2024; 41 (1): 30 - 35.

KEYWORDS: Left ventricular hypertrophy, Hypertensive, Kidney
function, Chronic kidney disease