ORIGINAL: The Relationship between Adolescents' Family Background, Perceived Self-Concept and Health Seeking Behaviour in an Urban City of South-Western Nigeria

West Afr J Med . 2022 Nov 30;39(11):1156-1164.

Abstract

Background and objectives: The understanding of adolescents about themselves affects their choices and actions when their health is concerned. This study assessed the relationship between family background, perceived self-concept and health seeking behaviour of adolescents.

Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study involving three secondary schools in Ekiti State, South-western Nigeria. A total of 352 students were recruited through multistage random sampling technique. The Personal Self-Concept Questionnaire (PSC) was used to assess the adolescents' personal self-concept while the health seeking behaviour was adapted from the Botsha Bophelo Adolescent Health Study (BBAHS) adapted questionnaire. The family background was sought from the respondents. Demographic variables were described as means and standard deviations. Categorical variables were reported as frequency distribution and proportions with the Pearson correlation test used to assess the relationship of relevant variables with self-concept.

Results: There was negative correlation between the adolescents' family social class and their autonomy self-concept (r = -0.117; p<0.029). Out of the 42% who had any form of ill-health, 29.6% had sought for medical attention, 8.5% were sexually exposed, 4% and 4.8% were screened for HIV and the use of contraception respectively. Having been hospitalized in the past six months related with their general self-concept (r = -0.124; p<0.02) and sense of fulfillment (r = -0.118; p<0.027). Use of cannabis negatively correlated with general self-concept (r = -0.132; p<0.013) and honesty self-concept (r = -0.127; p<0.017). Sexual exposure correlated negatively with emotional self-concept (r = -0.116; p<0.03).

Conclusion: From this study, the socioeconomic class of the family of the adolescents affected their individuality. In addition, adolescents with high self-concept will not easily seek for appropriate medical attention.

Keywords: Adolescents; Health seeking behavior; Personal self-concept; family background.

T A Agbesanwa ¹, A O Ibrahim ², O E Adegbilero-Iwari ³, A A Oniyide ⁴, W O Ismail ⁵, Y O Akinola ⁶