ORIGINAL: Audit of Stroke Admissions in a Tertiary Hospital in South East Nigeria

West Afr J Med . 2022 Aug 31;39(8):788-794.

Abstract

Introduction: Stroke is one of the commonest causes of medical admissions and mortality in Nigeria. Documenting the pattern of stroke and risk factors for stroke is important not only for public health policy makers but also for physicians in implementing both primary and secondary preventive programs.

Objectives: The aim of this study was therefore to document the pattern of stroke and risk factors for stroke in stroke patients admitted in a tertiary hospital in Enugu.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study carried out at Enugu State University Teaching Hospital, Enugu. Data were analyzed using the SPSS version 26 (IBM Corporation, New York, USA).

Results: Data from 350 patients were included in the present study. The three commonest risk factors for stroke were diabetes (69.1%), hypertension (64.9%), and age 65 years and above (51.1%). A total of 74.9% of the patients had ischemic stroke and 25.1% had hemorrhagic stroke. Hemorrhagic stroke was significantly higher in patients < 50 years (46.5%) and people with hypertension, (31.7%). About 31.4% of the patients had two risk factors and 28.6% had three risk factors. Age 65 years and above positively correlated with having ischemic stroke and hypertension positively correlated with hemorrhagic stroke. When controlled for age, the correlation between hypertension and hemorrhagic stroke was still significant.

Conclusion: The reported frequency of ischemic stroke was 74.9% and of hemorrhagic stroke was 25.1%. The commonest risk factors for stroke documented among stroke patients in a tertiary hospital in Enugu were diabetes, hypertension, and age 65 years and above. When controlled for age, the correlation between hypertension and hemorrhagic stroke was still significant.

Keywords: Hemorrhagic stroke; Ischemic stroke; Nigeria; Risk factors.